Water-purifier.



PATENTED DEC. 5, 1905.; P. BASTIAN. WATER PURIFIER. APPLICATION FILED AUGQB'I, 1904.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No. 806,234. I v I PATBNTED DEC. 5, 1905.

P. BASTIAN. WATER PURIFIER.

uruouron rump we. 27, 1904. 1

' s sums-sum 2.

\A/ITNESSES 4 1 INVENTE] PATENTED DEC. 5, 1905.

P. BASTIAN. WATER PURIFIER." APPLIOATIONIILED AUG. 27, 1904.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED STATES.

PA ENT OFFICE.

PETER BASTIAN, or GRE ENBROIcH, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR To MAscHnv- ENFABRIK GREVENBROIOH, OF GREVENBROIOH, GERMANY.

WATEYR-PURIFIER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Ap li ation 11 August 27,1904. Serial No- 222,379.

' To all whom it may concern:

- Grevenbroich, Germany, have invented-certain new and useful Improvements in W ater- Purifiers; and I do hereby declare'the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the 'art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to apparatus for urifying water or, more specifically, for so tening hard water that is to be usedas feedwater for boilers or other similar purposes.

' More especially, the invention refers to that kind ofwater-purifiers in which the su ply of chemical agents admitted to the raw eedwater is automatically regulated so as to correspond in quantity to all practicalvariations of the feed-water supply.

In principle my invention is based upon the fact that only a certain quantity of chemical agents is dissolved in a given quan- Bydividing the total amount-of feed-watertity of water.

cal y safe to assume that about one per cent. of lime is dissolvediin any quantity of water.

supplied into two ortions and saturating the one portion Wit lime and then reuniting-both ortions the exact quantity of lime required or precipitating the minerals contained in the raw water will be introduced into the feed-water. It will therefore only be necessary to providemeans for portioning off a certain percentage of the total amount of feed-water and allowing this percentage to be saturated with lime, and this rule will hold good irres ective of the amount of raw feed-water supp 'ed.

My invention therefore consists in provid precipitant supplied to the water according to and irrespectively of any variations in the total quantity thereof.

-My invention also comprises means for automatically dissolvin and apportioning a second precipitant an other means for-separating the resultant soft water from the precipitated mineral substances.

' Of the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 Thus, for instance, if limeis em loyed as a precipitant it will be 'practibuilt up in a series one abo is a vertical section of the apparatus. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a verti- "cal section of a detail; Fig. 4, a plan view of the same, and Fig. 5 a vertical section of another detail separately illustrated on a large scale, Fig. 6 is a detail plan View of amodification.

The same parts are indicated by the same.

symbols of reference in all the figures.

Referring to Figs l to 4, a is a small tank or vat divided by the circular partition I), having horizontal ed e, into the outer ringshaped portion 0 an the inner cylindrical portion (1. The outer portion 0 is again divided by radial partitions e and f into separate chambers c and 0 The partition 6 is fixed, and the partitionis connected to a rotatable spoke g and can thereby be given any desired positionround the circumference of the distributing-tank. On the edge of the partition I) I prefer to provide a scale upon which the exact osition of the radial partitionf can be read, the spoke 9 serving as an index therefor. If desired, another partition f, connected to a rotatable spoke g, may be provided to form an additional chamber 0 with an outlet 01, as illustrated in Fig. 6. Above the center of the tank an inlet-pipe 7c isplaced, which is sup osed to be connected toa feed-pump supp ying raw feed-water. At the bottom of the tanka at h an orifice is provided for the discharge of a part of the v Water, and a second discharge-pipe is provided at a". In Fig. 1 it will be seen that the pipe '1', discharges into a hopper p, from whence another pipe 9 leads downward to the bot-' tom of a mixing-tank n. At the top of this mixing-tank a-vat m is provided, into which tank at is provided with a discharge-pipe r, by

which it is connected to the' precipitatingtank. This tank consists of a central vertical cylinder 23, provided atits upper end with a small mixing-vat 22 and open at its lower end. Outside this central cylinder a large number of conic'l guiderplates 25 are the other. The lowest and the uppermost of the uide-plates Patented Dec. 5, 1905.

the preci itant-for. instance, limeisp eriodare hermetically connected to the lower and upper end of the cylinder 23; but the upper or inner edges of the rest of the guide-plates 25 are given a somewhat larger diameter than the exterior of the central cylinder 23, so that between the inner edges and the exterior circumference of the cylinder 23 an annular opening is formed. It will be understood that the water admitted to the top of the cylinder 23 will fall to the bottom of the precipitating-tank and will thence pass round the outer or lower edge of the lowest guideplate 25, and in rising up toward the discharge-pipe 32 portions of the water will pass inward between every pair of guide-plates. The interior diameters of the guide-plates 25,

except the uppermost and lowermost, are,

made to increase from the lower toward the upper. At the bottom the precipitating vessel is provided with a port 31, closed by a plug and intended for the discharge of the precipitated solids. The uppermost guideplate 30 is closely fitted to the cylinder 23,

and therefore the water issuing from the annular channel 28 is forced to describe a sharp zigzag in order to reach the discharge-pipe 32. The object of this arrangement is to cause any solid substances that may still .be suspended to be deposited. These substances will collect upon the partition 27, whence they can be periodically discharged downward to the bottom of the tank by means of the hand-operated valve 29. The orifice 7L discharges into a heater 8, which I prefer to use in most cases. The heater 8 consists of a cylindrical vessel in which horizontal guide-plates t are arranged in such a manner as to obstruct the direct passage of the water, which is thus forced to take a meandering passage on its way downward. At the bottom of the heater a steam-supply pipe u is introduced.

In the example illustrated it is assumed that the raw water has to be treated with more than one chemical reagent in order to precipitate all the mineral substance it contains, and for this purpose I provide the mechanism illustrated in Fig. 5. In such cases, however, in which the whole quantity to be treated is large I find it advantageous to insert asecond dividing-tank between the heater and the mixing or measuring apparatus, (illustrated in Fig. 5,) since the latter only requires a comparatively small quantity of water. I have therefore shown this second dividing-tank in Fig. 1, in which it will be seen that a bell 4 is attached to the upper end of the steam-pipe u. The tank 1 is placed below this bell and is provided with a discharge-pipe 3, leading to the mixing-vat 22, and a partition 2, by which part of the water overflowing into the tank is caused to be discharged through pipe v. The function of this part of the water is to actuate an apparatus for regulating the supply of a second precipitant in quantities corresponding to the variations of the supply of raw feed-water. This apparatus consists of the vessel 10, which is rotatably mounted in bearings, so as to be capable of being rocked through a certain angle, preferably about sixty degrees. Two rubber cushions 14 are provided at both sides of and below the vessel 11) in such positions that they )revent its being rocked be yond certain inc inations in both directions. The vessel w consists of two separate buckets 12 and 13, and it will be understood by reference to Figs. 1 and 5 that in either of the two positions one of the two buckets 12 and 13 is presented to the discharge-pipe 12. Moreover, the vessel w is balanced in such a manner that it is rocked out of the position it has assumed every time the bucket presented to the discharge-pi )e is filled. By this rocking motion the full bucket is discharged and the empty bucket is presented to the pipe 1) and in its turn is filled. This arrangement constitutes a motor the speed of whose working is proportional to the quantity of water discharged into it through pipe 1) in. the unit of time. By means of a link 21 the bucket w is connected to a two-armed lever 21 having a fixed pivot, and from the other arm of the said lever a small box 17 is suspended by a second link 21 The box 17 is composed of an outer part 18, to which the link 21 is attached, and a sliding inner part 19. The latter fits closely into the former, but not so closely that it cannot be easily moved. It will be seen that the inner sliding part 19 thus constitutes a piston and that the volume of the box can be varied according to requirements by giving this piston difl'erent positions. The piston or inner part 19 of the box 17 is provided with a port 20 and the outer part 18 with a nipple 20 The nipple 20 is connected, by means of a flexible tube 16, to a nipple 15, provided in the wall of the vessel 7 and leading into the tank containing the rocker w. This tank in its turn has an outlet :13, leading into the mixing-vat 22, as shown in Fig. 1.

Above the tank 7 a tank 6 is provided having a discharge-pipe 8. This discharge-pipe contains and uides the spindle 10 of a valve 1 1, controlled by a float 9, immersed in tank 7. It will be understood that this float and valve will thus act to maintain the level of liquid in tank 7 at a constant height, because as soon as the level begins to sink the float 9 will also sink and will relieve the valve 11, thus allowing fresh liquid to run down through pipe 8.

The operation of the whole arrangement is best understood by reference to Fig. 1. It is assumed that two different precipitating agents are to be employed-such as, for instance, lime and caustic soda. The lime is introduced into the vat m, and suflicient water is admitted through pipe a to wash it down through pipe into the mixing-tank 'n'.

1 The other agent is mixedand dissolved in it is to be heated to admitsteam through pipe entering the distributing-tank a at k rises in cordingly. It drops to the bottom of the tank 5 and thence allowed to descend into tank 6. Tanks 6 and n are the supply-tanks from which the precipitants are automatically taken by the apparatus, and tanks 5 and m are merely arranged for the sake of convenience that is, in order to provide suitable vessels for. preparing the chemicals. It'will be un' derstood that this work can be done intermittently at convenient periods, and from these auxiliary tanks 5 and m the supplytanks proper-that is, tanks 6 and nare relenished whenever their supply runs short. en the supply-tanks 6 and n have been char ed, nothing more is required than to admitt e raw feed-water through pipe 7c and if to. All other functions of the apparatus are entirely automatic. The raw feed-water in this tank until it overflows the horizontal edge b. Since this edge is divided into two parts by means of the movable partition j, a part of the water will enter chamber cf, and the rest will run into chamber 0 The movable partition f is adjusted according to the composition of the raw water. The water issuing at '11 from the chamber a is allowed to run into the hopper-'1) and thence through plipe g to the bottom of tank n. Here a sufcient quantity oflime is collected, and this lime is stirred up by the water issuing from pipe g and saturates this water as it graduall rises up in the tank until it overflows throug pipe 1', carrying with it the re uired quantity of lime in a dissolved state, an is reintroduced into the main bulk of water, simultaneously arriving at the mixing-vat 22.. The main bulk of water. issues at h from the distributing-vat a takes a zigzag route over the guideplates 25, where it comes into contact with-the steam issuing from pipe to and is heated acheaters, passesunderthe edgeofthebell4, and overflows into the second distributin -tank y, whence a larger portion descends directly through discharge-pipe 3' to. the mixing-vat 22, while a part overflows into the chamber 2. This second distribution also takes place according to a certain ratio, depending upon the ratio of the lengths of the edges of the vessels 1 and 2. In principle the functions of the apparatus would' not be altered if the whole bulk of water were allowed to flow through chamber 2; but in treating larger quantities of water such an arrangement would require making the rocking buckets w considerably larger than convenient. From- 2 the water-descends through discharge-pipe o into either of the buckets 12 or 13. The full bucket is discharged into the tank tu and the empty bucket in turn presented to the discharge-pipe v. From 'w the Water operated valve 29. Finally the runs freely ofl through discharge-pipe :10 into the mixingvessel 22. The lye-tank 7 is automatically kept filled with lye up to a certain constant level by'means of the float 9, governing the valve 11 Every time the vessel w is rocked into the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1 the box 17 is immersed in the lye by means of the lever 21 and. the links 21 and 21, and by port it fills up with lye. Every time the buckets swing back again into the position shown in full lines the box 17 is raised, as shown on Fig. 1, and the lye contained therein runs off through the flexible tube 16 into the vat 10*, where it mixes with the raw water and issues through discharge-pipe as into the mixing vessel 22. The lye contained in tank 7 has a certain concentration accordingly as it has beenprepared, and it is therefore only necessary to ascertain the composition of the raw water by a previous analysis andto determine by calculation the volume of this lye that has to be added to every unit of raw water to insure complete precipitation of the minerals contained therein. The piston 19 in box 17 is set accordingly, and thus a constant and predetermined volume of lye will automatically be added toevery unit of raw water arriving at 22, and this quite irrespective of the velocity. with which the water is admitted, since the rocker-w will automatically regulate the supply of lye accordingly. It will be seen that at 22 all the difl'erent mixtures are reunited and now pass downward together in the central tube 23 ofthe precipitator. As this tube expands at the bottom the flow of the water therein will be proportionately arrested, and consequently the maj or part of the precipitate will be here deposcipitated and deposited on the guide-plates, whence they slide down to the bottom of the precipitator and can be periodically discharged at 31. The water that issues at the top of the central channel 28 is again deflected downward by the uppermost guide-plate 30 and in rising up from its lower or outer edge deposits the last remainders of solid matter on the bottom 27, whence it can. be periodically discharged through the handpurified water leaves the precipitator at 32. I

I desire it to be understood that what has been specifically described is the preferred em bodiment of my im roved purifier but allpersons conversant wit the art will readilyunderstand that various ,modificationsin detail of construction and arrangement might be introducedwithout changing the nature of the IOO the number of movable partitions may be increased, as illustrated in Fig. 6, if desired.

Having noW particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in What manner the same is to be per formed, I declare that what I claim is 1. In apparatus for purifying water, the combination with a circular vessel (1 adapted to receive the raW water, of another vessel 0 surrounding the said first vessel, the upper edge of the wall I) separating both vessels being horizontal, partitions efdividing the vessel 0 into chambers, means for varying the relative distance of the partitions ef, separate discharge-orifices for each chamber, means for charging the portions of raw Water issuing from said orifices with precipitating agents and means for reuniting the solutions thus obtained With the main bulk of raw Water.

2. In apparatus for purifying water the combination with a circular vessel adapted to receive the raW Water of a second vessel surrounding the aforesaid vessel, the upper edge of the circular partition common to both vessels being horizontal, of a fixed and a movable radial partition dividing the said second vessel into two separate chambers an index connected to the movable partition and a scale indicating the ratio of the lengths of the said horizontal edges leading from the first vessel to the said chambers, separate orifices for each chamber, one of said orifices discharging into a tank containing a supply of precipitant ,and the other discharging into a heater, means for separating a constant percentage of the water issuing from the heater, a vessel composed of two buckets and adapted to be rocked by the weight of said separated percentage of the water discharged into either of the said buckets, a vessel of ad justable volume adapted to be immersed in a lye-tank every time the said buckets are rocked, means for maintaining the level in, said lye-tank constant, means for adding the lye contained in the adjustable vessel to the raw water, means for reuniting all the separate portions of water and of a precipitator consisting of a vertical cylinder and a series of conical guide-plates surrounding the same and forming ring-shaped openings of diameters increasing in the direction of the lion", the lowest and uppermost of said conical plates being fitted closely to said cylinder and of means for discharging the solids deposited at the bottom of said precipitator.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two witnesses.

PETER BASTIAN. Witnesses:

HUGO Somrrrz, ALFRED HANNIGKA. 

